Marriage: -
The law of marriage was first introduced
before the world by Maharishi Swatketu; son of renowned Maharishi
Uddhalak.
Before that men and women were free to live with anyone, with
whom they wish too and as long as they wish.
There was no relation
except man and woman. (Bhartaya Vivah Sansthha Ka Itihas).
Hindu (This word was first used by Arabs. When Arab came on the bank of Sindhu
River they called it Hindu river and people living there were called
Hindu.
Sanatana or Hindu marriage is all about rituals and
customs which teach us the actual sense of a blissful marriage life.
But there are some examples in Rig-Veda when the girl had not married for
long time or lived unmarried, she was known as “Amazuh”.
During Rig Veda there was no bondage on marriage.
Later on the Brahmin scholars made some marriage
restrictions for the society –
Sapind -
Pind means Body, so here Sapind means of one body
or Blood relation; even scientifically it is proven. Maharishi Vasisth and
Gautama say marriage in 7 generation from Father side and 5 generation from
Mother side is prohibited.
Sagotra -
The Gotra system might have started originally
among Brahmins as a system of classification and identification of various
families and indicating common descent from a 'Rishi'.
There are 49 established Lead Hindu
Gotras.
All members of a particular Gotra are believed to possess certain
common characteristics by way of nature or profession.
It seems that’s why
generally people living in a village are called Gotriya or in local language
“Gotia” and so marriage between them is prohibited.
Sapravar
-
SAPRAVARA is a set of the greatest Rishis who
belonged to the Gotra.
Usually these are the founding fathers of the Gotra. In
Vedic ritual, the importance of the Pravara appears to be in its use by
the ritualist for extolling his ancestry and proclaiming, as a descendant of
worthy ancestors, I am a fit and proper person to do the act I am performing.
So Sapind,
Sagotra and Sapravar marriage were prohibited and still are.
Rig
Vedic society was free in nature, there was inter cast marriage.
Adult boys and girls were free to marriage that they like but
family permission was needed for the bondage of the family and society.
The
marriage of Brahamn “Vimad” and Princess “Kamadhu”, Brahmarishi “Sayasawa”
married king Rathvithi’s daughter “Darmya”, Daughter of Sukracharya “Devyanani”
married king “Yayati”. Rishi Angirasa daughter “Saswati” married king
Asang.
Women were not in Curtain or Veil in Sanatan
or Hindu culture, it came in medieval period.
No Veil was used by women
in Sanatan culture.
Only when Muslim ruled India for the safety
of Hindu women Veil and Curtain were used by women (Hindu and Muslim).
Veil and Curtain came from Arab that is there culture.
In the beginning the society or Vedic society was castles.
It helped in great way to women.
There was women freedom in this
regard. The society was Monogamy.
Man and Woman were free to marry
anybody whom they like and wish to marry.
The marriage was finalized by family
members of the bride; they could be Father, Brother or seniors from the society
as they have to be the witness of the marriage.
Women were enjoying all types
of freedom as Men were enjoying, from Education to Profession every
where they were on equal term with Men.
Child Marriage - There was no child marriage.
Chathurthi Karma -
Rishi Apstamb, Sankhayayan and Paraskar writes
that after 3 days of marriage “Newly Married Couple” have to perform Chathurthi
Karma or 4th day Ritual, is game of Sex.
Chathurthi Karma
is “Living together day” or this is the first day when they live
in their room as Husband and Wife and play Game of Sex.
This
confirms that there is no child marriage in Sastra’a or Books
and in Sanatan Law and one who is doing this is against the Rule.
In
3 days the Bride know her Father – in – Laws’ house, their living style
and above all her Life Partner (Husband) and get easy of his presence in there
room and life.
This will give both of them time to understand each other
under one roof.
Young Man and Woman chose their life partner from
the whole society.
There was no dowry system. Actually Dowry system
came in Indian Society during British Rule; they convert gifts into dowry in
their rule. Of course gifts were given to New Couple from family
members and Society to start their family life. Even divorce is not in Vedic
marriage, it was introduced in rule by Britishers.
In Sutra literature there are 8 types of
marriage. These marriages came into society time to time and lawmakers
put them under the Sanatana or Hindu marriage law. Hindu marriage act 1955
doesn’t recognize many of them.
These 8 marriage systems are -
Braham, Dev, Ayrsa, Prajapatya (it’s like Brahama marriage), Gandharva
(Love marriage), Asur, Raksha, and Payasha (last 3 marriages
were neither seen in good test nor were accepted by the society in large)
slowly except Brahama and Gandharva rest type of marriage die
their own death.
1. Brahama Marriage – This system runs today too and
is in 1955 act. Under this system the responsibility of the marriage of the
Bride is upon the Father, Brother or the elder of the family or sometimes
on the society. This is the best marriage system that’s why it is known as
“Brahama” marriage. Even in this marriage system as written previous Bride’s
Consent was on Top which changed slowly and Father and Family members Consent
became on Top.
It is important to know that SAPTPADI in
itself is a rule made on Oath or Vow before Fire and Society
which gives enormous power to women.
Actually the whole marriage is
on 7 Vows or Oath. Anyone who breaks the Vow, other has the right
to take a needy step it’s not that one is bound for 7 lives.
The Family members, Relatives and or the society
who are present there are the witness
of that marriage which says that now they are Husband and Wife or Life
Partner.
Nowhere, it is said that Man is Boss or Swami and Woman is
her Mistress. They are Life Partner till they don’t break promises
and how much they have given freedom to each other.
This SAPTPADI custom is
running till date, but 99.99% don’t know about it or wants to know,
only because it’s an Ancient ritual. Girls must have to now this SAPTAPADI,
even Boys too.
It’s important to give prior information regarding
this to Women and Men both.
Actually the marriage in Hindu or Sanatan
Society is a promise between 2 sides – The Bride and the Groom.
Only after accepting these 7 Vows Girl (Kanaya) and Boy (Var) will be
called Married. From Veda till date Girl is called “Kanaya” Maiden and Boy as
Var (svenn is used for males who have yet to sleep with someone.
Although jomfru (virgin) is also more and more used on males).
There was few or little example of widow
marriage. In an example a childless widow remarry her husband’s
younger brother.
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